The White paper has been promoted by the Italian Agency for Digital Italy (AGID) to analyze the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in our society and, more specifically, in the Public Administration, in order to promote digital transformation. It has been drafted with the contribution of the Nexa Center for Internet & Society. It is organized into four sections: politics adopted by the Italian Government to promote and enhance digital innovation; state of the art of AI technologies; criticalities and advantadges of AI, considering ethical, technological, and legal issues; recommendations on how the Italian Government should work to promote the use of AI in the public sector.